My Math Forum Probabaility question.

 April 13th, 2018, 07:26 PM #1 Member   Joined: Feb 2018 From: Canada Posts: 34 Thanks: 2 Probabaility question. Today, I was having a short test and there were two problems that I was not able to figure them out. Question 1) In a certain population, the number of colds a person gets in a year has a Poisson distribution with mean 3 colds. A new anti-cold drug lowers $\lambda$ from 3 to 0.75 and is effective for 8 out of 10 people. At the beginning of last year, the entire population was given the drug. At the end of last year, one person was selected at random from the population and was found to have had only one cold during the year. What is the probability that the drug was effective for this person? Question 2) For the soccer team photo, the Freak Lunchboxes need to line up in two rows(6 players in the back row and 6 players in the front row). a) What is the probability Joe is in the front row? b) How many ways can this be done if Freddie and Erin need to be in a different row than Christine and Lauren? c) How many ways can this be done if Erin and Guillaume refuse to sit together? For part c of question 2, I was thinking that the answer = number ways they do not sit together in one row + number ways they sit in two rows = (number of ways in one row - number of ways they sit together) + (number ways they sit in two rows).
 April 13th, 2018, 07:59 PM #2 Senior Member     Joined: Sep 2015 From: USA Posts: 2,124 Thanks: 1102 1) $P[A | B]P[B] = P[B|A]P[A]$ let $A$ be the drug is effective, let $B$ be the sample had 1 cold during the year. $P[B|A] = poisson_{0.75}(1)$ $P[A] = 0.8$ $P[B] = poisson_{0.75}(1) + poisson_{3}(1)$ $P[A|B] =\dfrac{(0.8)poisson_{0.75}(1)}{poisson_{0.75}(1) + poisson_{3}(1)} = 0.562747$ next problem in separate post Thanks from Shanonhaliwell
April 13th, 2018, 08:02 PM   #3
Senior Member

Joined: Sep 2015
From: USA

Posts: 2,124
Thanks: 1102

Quote:
 Originally Posted by Shanonhaliwell c) How many ways can this be done if Erin and Guillaume refuse to sit together?
This is awful. What does "sit together" mean? I would have had the professor clarify that before trying to answer it. Did you find out?

April 13th, 2018, 08:28 PM   #4
Member

Joined: Feb 2018

Posts: 34
Thanks: 2

Quote:
 Originally Posted by romsek This is awful. What does "sit together" mean? I would have had the professor clarify that before trying to answer it. Did you find out?

I think in this part, there are 2 cases:
The first case is that they do not sit next to each other in one row.
And the second case is that they sit in two rows which means that they do not sit together.

By the way, for the first question I think $P[A|B] =\dfrac{P(A\cap B)}{P(B)} = \dfrac{P(A)P(B|A)}{P(A)P(B|A)+P(A\complement )P(B|A\complement )}$
$=\dfrac{0.8\dfrac{e^{-0.75}0.75^1}{1!}}{0.8\dfrac{e^{-0.75}0.75^1}{1!} + 0.2\dfrac{e^{-3}3^1}{1!}}$

Last edited by Shanonhaliwell; April 13th, 2018 at 08:54 PM.

 April 13th, 2018, 08:51 PM #5 Senior Member     Joined: Sep 2015 From: USA Posts: 2,124 Thanks: 1102 ok, there's probably a clever way to do this but it's a small enough problem that brute force isn't too inefficient. If one of them sits in an edge seat, there are 10 seats available for the other. If one sits in an interior seat there are 9 seats available for the other. There are 4 edge seats and 8 interior seats. Thus there are 112 combinations available for assigning these two to two seats. There are 10 seats remaining in each of these combinations with 10! ways to seat the remaining 10 players. so there are $N = 112(10!) = 406425600$ ways to seat the players in problem (c) Thanks from Shanonhaliwell
April 13th, 2018, 09:03 PM   #6
Member

Joined: Feb 2018

Posts: 34
Thanks: 2

Quote:
 Originally Posted by romsek ok, there's probably a clever way to do this but it's a small enough problem that brute force isn't too inefficient. If one of them sits in an edge seat, there are 10 seats available for the other. If one sits in an interior seat there are 9 seats available for the other. There are 4 edge seats and 8 interior seats. Thus there are 112 combinations available for assigning these two to two seats. There are 10 seats remaining in each of these combinations with 10! ways to seat the remaining 10 players. so there are $N = 112(10!) = 406425600$ ways to seat the players in problem (c)
I have not understood how you came up with 112 combinations but this is my way of thinking. Let me know your thought.
So in one row, we fix one edge by having Erin or Guillaume sitting there. So now there are 10 people left, we choose 5 people $\binom{10}{5}$ then we will have $5!$ ways to arrange these 5 people.

April 13th, 2018, 10:50 PM   #7
Senior Member

Joined: Sep 2015
From: USA

Posts: 2,124
Thanks: 1102

[QUOTE=romsek;592292]
If one of them sits in an edge seat, there are 10 seats available for the other.
If one sits in an interior seat there are 9 seats available for the other.

There are 4 edge seats and 8 interior seats.

Thus there are 112 combinations available for assigning these two to two seats.
Quote:
 Originally Posted by Shanonhaliwell I have not understood how you came up with 112 combinations but this is my way of thinking. Let me know your thought.
$4 \cdot 10 + 8 \cdot 9 = 40 + 72 = 112$

April 16th, 2018, 06:47 PM   #8
Member

Joined: Feb 2018

Posts: 34
Thanks: 2

[QUOTE=romsek;592303]
Quote:
 Originally Posted by romsek If one of them sits in an edge seat, there are 10 seats available for the other. If one sits in an interior seat there are 9 seats available for the other. There are 4 edge seats and 8 interior seats. Thus there are 112 combinations available for assigning these two to two seats. $4 \cdot 10 + 8 \cdot 9 = 40 + 72 = 112$
Thank you.
What a wonderful answer. Your solution is even better than my professsor's.
Total of ways - ways together = $12! - 2*\dbinom{10}{4}(5!)(2!)(6!)$

Last edited by Shanonhaliwell; April 16th, 2018 at 06:51 PM.

 Tags probabaility, question

 Thread Tools Display Modes Linear Mode

 Similar Threads Thread Thread Starter Forum Replies Last Post sCoRPion Differential Equations 0 March 16th, 2015 01:05 PM pudro Algebra 0 November 10th, 2008 08:12 PM

 Contact - Home - Forums - Cryptocurrency Forum - Top